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Four main Categories of new Media

1. Interpersonal communication media.

-Example would be the telephone, mobile phone, and email where “content is private and perishable and relationship established and reinforce may be more important than the information conveyed.”

2. Interactive play media.

- Video and computer-based games, plus virtual reality devices compose this category.

3. Information search media.

- The internet and the world wide web become repositories or sources of a vast collection of information that can be accessed real-time despite geographical location. Boadcast teletext and radio data services are also examples.

4. Collective participatory media.

- This refers to the use of the internet for “sharing and exchanging information, ideas, and experiences and developing active (computer-mediated) personal relationship (McQuail, 2010)

Key Characteristics of new media, according to McQuail, include interactivity, social presence (or sociability), media richness, autonomy, playfulness, privacy, and personalization. New media use expanded opportunities for self-expression especially among the youth through Web logs, online forums, Web discussion boards, social media, and messaging applications.

Functions of Communication and Media

According to McNair, Communication and Media function to

1. Inform citizens of what is happening around them (also called the monitoring function);

2. Educate the audience as to the meaning and significance of the “facts”

3. Provide a platform for public political discourse, facilitating the formation of “public opinion” and feeding that opinion back to the public from whence it came, including the provision of space for the expression of dissent;

4. Give publicity to governmental and political institutions (known as the “watchdog” role of journalism); and

5. Serve as a channel for the advocacy of political viewpoints.

Media and Government: A Love-Hate Relationship

The relationship of media and government is oftentimes adversarial. This is normal and healthy because media, being a “watchdog” keeps everything at bay. Normative theories of the Press View Proposition

Authoritarian - All form of communications are under control of the governing elite, authorities, or influential bureaucrats.

- Controlling the media is necessary to protect and prevent the people from national threats trough any form of communication (information or news).

- The government has all the rights to restrict/censor any sensitive issue from press to maintain peace and security in the nation

- Different types of censors include political censor, moral censor, religious censor, military censor, and corporate censor.

Soviet Media - The government undertakes or controls the total media and communication to serve and educate working classes and

their interests.

- The state has the absolute power to control any media for the benefits of the people.

- The state puts an end to private ownership of the press and other media.

- Government media provides positive thoughts to create a strong socialized society as well as providing information, education, entertainment, motivation, and mobilization.